Siberian cats are often considered to be hypoallergenic, although the extent of their hypoallergenic qualities can vary from cat to cat. While no cat breed is completely hypoallergenic, Siberian cats are known to produce far fewer allergens than other breeds, making them a promising option for people with cat allergies. 

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The main reason Siberian cats are believed to be hypoallergenic is their low production of Fel d 1 protein, which is the primary allergen found in cat saliva, dander, and urine. Siberian cats are thought to produce less Fel d 1 compared to other breeds, which may result in fewer allergic reactions in some individuals.

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However, it's important to note that individual reactions to cat allergens can vary widely, and some people with cat allergies may still experience symptoms when exposed to Siberian cats. Additionally, factors such as grooming habits, diet, and the individual's sensitivity to allergens can also influence the severity of allergic reactions.

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If you're considering getting a Siberian cat but have allergies, it's advisable to spend time with the breed beforehand to assess your reaction. Regular grooming and cleaning practices, such as frequent brushing and vacuuming, can also help reduce allergen exposure in the home. Consulting with an allergist before bringing a Siberian cat into your household can provide personalized advice and recommendations based on your specific situation.

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 What causes an allergy to cats?

When people are allergic to cats, they are typically allergic to specific proteins produced by cats, particularly a protein called Fel d 1. This protein is found in cat saliva, dander (dead skin flakes), and urine. When cats groom themselves, they spread saliva containing Fel d 1 onto their fur, and when the saliva dries, it becomes airborne along with the dander. As a result, allergic individuals may experience symptoms when they come into contact with these allergens.

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When someone with a cat allergy is exposed to Fel d 1, their immune system can react by producing antibodies called immunoglobulin E (IgE). These antibodies trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals in the body, leading to allergic symptoms such as sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, itchy or watery eyes, coughing, wheezing, and skin rash or hives.

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It's important to note that while Fel d 1 is the primary allergen associated with cat allergies, there are other proteins and allergens present in cat saliva, dander, and urine that can also contribute to allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Additionally, factors such as the amount of allergen exposure, the individual's sensitivity, and their overall immune system function can influence the severity of allergic symptoms.

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Siberian cats produce lower levels of the Fel d 1 protein compared to other cat breeds. While no cat breed is completely hypoallergenic, Siberian cats are known for having a reputation of being more tolerable for many individuals with cat allergies.

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Where does this Fel D1 allergen actually come from?​

The genetic makeup of the two genes, Ch1 and Ch2, responsible for producing the allergen Fel d 1, which triggers allergic reactions, has not yet been fully understood in Siberian cats. Our study aimed to investigate this aspect. This research marks the first comprehensive examination of the genetic composition of these genes in Siberian cats. By comparing sequences from Siberian cats, non-Siberian breeds, and sequences stored in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, we discovered numerous mutations. Some of these mutations, particularly those located in exon regions, may impact the allergenic properties of Fel d 1. Consequently, further research is warranted to determine if these identified mutations could lead to a reduction in allergen production and serve as indicators for breeding low allergenic cats.

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SOURCE: Polymorphism Analysis of Ch1 and Ch2 Genes in the Siberian Cat

 

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So does this mean they're non-shedding?

No! All cats shed. Our Siberians​ tend to shed heavily twice a year, and if you brush them frequently to remove the hair being shed during those times, their coats--while luxurious--are impressively low maintenance.

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What about those dog breeds that don't shed?

"Non-shedding" dogs are a myth! While some dog breeds are known to shed less than others, there is technically no such thing as a completely non-shedding dog. All dogs, regardless of breed, will shed at least some amount of hair or dander as part of their natural growth and shedding cycle. However, some breeds are known for shedding very minimally, which can make them more suitable for individuals with allergies or those who prefer a cleaner home.

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Breeds that are often referred to as "low-shedding" or "minimal-shedding" typically have certain characteristics that contribute to reduced shedding:

1. Single Coat: Breeds with a single coat of hair, rather than a double coat, tend to shed less. Examples of single-coated breeds include Poodles, Bichon Frises, and Portuguese Water Dogs.

2. Hair Type: Dogs with fur that has a longer growth cycle may shed less, as individual hairs fall out at a slower rate. Many people mistakenly refer to this as dogs having "hair" instead of "fur." Breeds with these more hair-like coats include Poodles, Yorkshire Terriers, and Maltese.

3. Regular Grooming: Breeds that require regular grooming, such as brushing and trimming, may shed less because loose hair is removed before it has a chance to fall out. Regular grooming can also help prevent matting and tangling.

4. Hypoallergenic Breeds: Some breeds are considered hypoallergenic because they produce fewer allergens or shed less dander, making them more suitable for individuals with allergies. Examples include Poodles, Schnauzers, and Portuguese Water Dogs.

 

While these breeds may shed less than others, it's important to remember that all dogs will still shed to some extent. Additionally, individual dogs within a breed may vary in their shedding patterns, so it's essential to consider factors such as coat type, grooming needs, and allergen production when choosing a dog that fits your lifestyle. Regular grooming and maintenance can help minimize shedding and keep your home cleaner.

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But my breeder said my dog has "hair" instead of "fur"...

Let me ask you... do you have hair? You probably do. Or at least, you probably did at one point. Having hair or fur is one of the defining characteristics of a mammal. Humans are mammals. Dogs are mammals. Cats are mammals.

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Although "hair" and "fur" are often used to differentiate between what grows on you and what grows on your cat, hair and fur are actually made of the same protein: keratin. Both hair and fur serve to protect the skin, regulate body temperature, provide sensory information, and sometimes serve as a form of communication or camouflage.

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The distinction between hair and fur is more semantic and is often based on context and usage rather than inherent biological differences. In general, "hair" is commonly used to describe the longer, thicker strands that grow on mammals, including humans. "Fur," on the other hand, typically refers to the shorter, denser coat of hairs that covers the body of animals, particularly mammals with four legs.

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However, the terms "hair" and "fur" are sometimes used interchangeably, and there isn't a strict scientific definition that universally separates the two. Some experts use "hair" to refer to the specialized, longer strands found on certain parts of the body, such as the head, while "fur" describes the shorter, denser coat covering the rest of the body. Ultimately, whether a mammal's coat is referred to as hair or fur often depends on cultural conventions, language usage, and individual interpretation.

 

The Life Cycle of a Hair

The life cycle of a hair, also known as the hair growth cycle, consists of three main phases: anagen, catagen, and telogen. These phases determine the growth, transition, and shedding of individual hairs on the body. When these phases are longer, there will be less shedding, as hairs complete the cycle at a much slower rate.

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1. Anagen Phase (Growth Phase): This is the active growth phase of the hair follicle. During anagen, cells in the hair follicle divide rapidly, producing new hair growth. The length of the anagen phase varies depending on factors such as genetics, age, and health, but it typically lasts anywhere from 2 to 7 years in humans. The duration of the anagen phase determines the maximum length that the hair can reach.
    

2. Catagen Phase (Transition Phase): After the anagen phase, the hair follicle transitions into the catagen phase. This is a brief transitional period that marks the end of active growth. During catagen, the hair follicle shrinks and detaches from the dermal papilla, which is the structure that supplies nutrients to the hair follicle.
    

3. Telogen Phase (Resting Phase): Following the catagen phase, the hair follicle enters the telogen phase, also known as the resting phase. During telogen, the hair follicle remains dormant, and no new growth occurs. The old hair is held in place while a new hair begins to form beneath it.

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After the telogen phase, the hair follicle re-enters the anagen phase, and the cycle repeats itself. It's important to note that not all hairs on the body are in the same phase of the hair growth cycle at the same time. Instead, individual hairs go through the phases independently of one another, which is why hair shedding is a continuous process. In some breeds, shedding is seasonal, and while these breeds may appear to be ones that would shed a great deal, their coats may actually be easier to control, because a great deal of the shedding happens within a relatively limited window duing the year.

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Factors such as age, hormones, nutrition, and overall health can influence the duration of each phase of the hair growth cycle. Additionally, some medical conditions and medications can disrupt the normal hair growth cycle, leading to excessive shedding or hair loss.

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